CVE-2023-45144: XWiki Identity Oauth Privilege escalation (PR)/remote code execution from login screen through unescaped URL parameter

Should you act?

Critical and remotely reachable

No known exploitation yet, but it is network-reachable without credentials. This signal is computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS data; it is not an editorial verdict.

• Not in CISA KEV, but CISA’s SSVC assessment records a public proof-of-concept, so attack code exists.
• EPSS 1.2%, percentile 69: FIRST’s model estimates a 1.2% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 69% of all scored CVEs (moderate). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
• Remotely reachable with no login and no user interaction. If the vulnerable service is exposed to the internet, prioritize it.
• Only applies if your dependency tree includes com.xwiki.identity-oauth:identity-oauth-ui (Maven) >= 1.0, < 1.6, fixed in 1.6. Check your lockfile, including transitive dependencies.

What it is

com.xwiki.identity-oauth:identity-oauth-ui is a package to aid in building identity and service providers based on OAuth authorizations. When a user logs in via the OAuth method, the identityOAuth parameters sent in the GET request is vulnerable to cross site scripting (XSS) and XWiki syntax injection. This allows remote code execution via the groovy macro and thus affects the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the whole XWiki installation. The issue has been fixed in Identity OAuth version 1.6. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability and users are advised to upgrade.

From the GitHub advisory

Impact

When login via the OAuth method, the identityOAuth parameters, sent in a GET request is vulnerable to XSS and XWiki syntax injection. This allows remote code execution via the groovy macro and thus affects the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the whole XWiki installation.

The vulnerability is in this part of the code.

Patches The issue has been fixed in Identity OAuth version 1.6 by https://github.com/xwikisas/identity-oauth/commit/d805d3154b17c6bf455ddf5deb0a3461a3833bc6 . The fix is in the content of the IdentityOAuth/LoginUIExtension file

Workarounds There are no known workarounds besides upgrading.

Weakness type: CWE-79, CWE-94.

Product: com.xwiki.identity-oauth:identity-oauth-ui (Maven) · Assigned by: GitHub_M · Published: 2023-10-16

Affected and fixed versions

Severity scores

• Attack vector: network (remotely reachable)
• Attack complexity: low
• Privileges required: none (no login)
• User interaction: none
• Scope: changed (can affect other components)

CVSS measures how bad a flaw is if exploited, not how likely exploitation is. Read it next to the exploitation data below.

Exploitation and urgency

• CISA KEV: not listed (no confirmed in-the-wild exploitation known to CISA).
• CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation poc, automatable no, technical impact partial.
• FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 1.23% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 69.

Timeline

• 2023-10-16 — CVE record published by GitHub_M
• 2023-10-17 — GitHub-reviewed advisory GHSA-h2rm-29ch-wfmh published (critical)
• 2024-09-16 — CVE record last updated

Sources and references

Original sources first. Version and fix details should always be confirmed against the vendor or project advisory.

Vulnerability records

1. GitHub Advisory GHSA-h2rm-29ch-wfmh github.com
2. CVE.org record CVE-2023-45144 cve.org
3. NVD entry CVE-2023-45144 nvd.nist.gov

Other references from the CVE record and advisory

1. github.com github.com
2. github.com github.com
3. github.com github.com
4. github.com github.com
5. jira.xwiki.org jira.xwiki.org

Critical Maven advisories · Today’s Security Digest