CVE-2025-0411: 7-Zip Mark of the Web Bypass Vulnerability

Should you act?

Exploited: patch now if you run it

CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild. This signal is computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS data; it is not an editorial verdict.

• Yes, if you run 7-Zip 7-Zip. CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-02-06, which means there is reliable evidence of exploitation in the wild. US federal agencies must remediate by 2025-02-27; treat that as the outer limit, not the target.
• EPSS 67.1%, percentile 99: FIRST’s model estimates a 67.1% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 99% of all scored CVEs (very high). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
• Needs local access needed. Lower urgency for most teams unless an attacker could already run code on the machine.

What it is

7-Zip Mark-of-the-Web Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to bypass the Mark-of-the-Web protection mechanism on affected installations of 7-Zip. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of archived files. When extracting files from a crafted archive that bears the Mark-of-the-Web, 7-Zip does not propagate the Mark-of-the-Web to the extracted files. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user. Was ZDI-CAN-25456.

CISA’s summary

7-Zip contains a protection mechanism failure vulnerability that allows remote attackers to bypass the Mark-of-the-Web security feature to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user.

Weakness type: CWE-693.

Product: 7-Zip 7-Zip · Assigned by: zdi · Published: 2025-01-25

Affected and fixed versions

Severity scores

• Attack vector: local access needed
• Attack complexity: high (needs special conditions)
• Privileges required: none (no login)
• User interaction: required (a user must click/open something)
• Scope: unchanged

CVSS measures how bad a flaw is if exploited, not how likely exploitation is. Read it next to the exploitation data below.

Exploitation and urgency

• CISA KEV: added 2025-02-06; federal due date 2025-02-27. Known ransomware use: Unknown.
• CISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
• CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation active, automatable no, technical impact total.
• FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 67.07% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 99.

Timeline

• 2025-01-25 — CVE record published by zdi
• 2025-02-06 — Added to CISA’s Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
• 2025-02-27 — CISA remediation deadline for US federal agencies
• 2026-02-26 — CVE record last updated

Sources and references

Original sources first. Version and fix details should always be confirmed against the vendor or project advisory.

Vendor and project advisories, patches

1. Listed in CISA KEV notes (7-zip.org) 7-zip.org

Vulnerability records

1. CVE.org record CVE-2025-0411 cve.org
2. NVD entry CVE-2025-0411 nvd.nist.gov

Government

1. CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog entry cisa.gov

Other references from the CVE record and advisory

1. ZDI-25-045 zerodayinitiative.com
2. openwall.com openwall.com
3. vicarius.io vicarius.io
4. vicarius.io vicarius.io
5. security.netapp.com security.netapp.com

All exploited 7-Zip vulnerabilities · Today’s Security Digest