Security Digest · Vulnerability record
CVE-2025-11148: check-branches is vulnerable to command Injection
All versions of the package check-branches are vulnerable to Command Injection check-branches is a command-line tool that is interacted with locally, or via CI, to confirm no conflicts exist in git branches.
CVSS 9.3 Critical EPSS 1.4% · p71
Should you act?
Critical and remotely reachable
No known exploitation yet, but it is network-reachable without credentials. This signal is computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS data; it is not an editorial verdict.
- Not in CISA KEV, but CISA’s SSVC assessment records a public proof-of-concept, so attack code exists.
- EPSS 1.4%, percentile 71: FIRST’s model estimates a 1.4% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 71% of all scored CVEs (moderate). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
- Remotely reachable with no login and no user interaction. If the vulnerable service is exposed to the internet, prioritize it.
- Only applies if your dependency tree includes
check-branches(npm) <= 0.0.19, no fixed version listed. Check your lockfile, including transitive dependencies.
What it is
All versions of the package check-branches are vulnerable to Command Injection check-branches is a command-line tool that is interacted with locally, or via CI, to confirm no conflicts exist in git branches. However, the library follows these conventions which can be abused: 1. It trusts branch names as they are (plain text) 2. It spawns git commands by concatenating user input Since a branch name is potentially a user input - as users can create branches remotely via pull requests, or simply due to privileged access to a repository - it can effectively be abused to run any command.
From the GitHub advisory
All versions of the package check-branches are vulnerable to Command Injection.
check-branches is a command-line tool that is interacted with locally, or via CI, to confirm no conflicts exist in git branches.
However, the library follows these conventions which can be abused: 1. It trusts branch names as they are (plain text) 2. It spawns git commands by concatenating user input
Since a branch name is potentially a user input - as users can create branches remotely via pull requests, or simply due to privileged access to a repository - it can effectively be abused to run any command.
Weakness type: CWE-78, CWE-77.
Product: check-branches (npm) · Assigned by: snyk · Published: 2025-09-30
Affected and fixed versions
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable | First fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| npm | check-branches | <= 0.0.19 | none listed |
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions (per CVE record) |
|---|---|---|
| n/a | check-branches | < * |
Severity scores
| Scored by | CVSS | Score | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| snyk | 3.1 | 9.8 Critical | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H |
| GitHub | 4.0 | 9.3 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N |
- Attack vector: network (remotely reachable)
- Attack complexity: low
- Attack requirements: none
- Privileges required: none (no login)
- User interaction: none
CVSS measures how bad a flaw is if exploited, not how likely exploitation is. Read it next to the exploitation data below.
Exploitation and urgency
- CISA KEV: not listed (no confirmed in-the-wild exploitation known to CISA).
- CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation poc, automatable yes, technical impact total.
- FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 1.35% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 71.
Timeline
- — CVE record last updated
- — CVE record published by snyk
- — GitHub-reviewed advisory GHSA-9c4g-fp4r-prrv published (critical)
Sources and references
Original sources first. Version and fix details should always be confirmed against the vendor or project advisory.
Vulnerability records
- GitHub Advisory GHSA-9c4g-fp4r-prrv github.com
- CVE.org record CVE-2025-11148 cve.org
- NVD entry CVE-2025-11148 nvd.nist.gov
Other references from the CVE record and advisory
- security.snyk.io security.snyk.io
- gist.github.com gist.github.com