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Security Digest · Vulnerability record · Known exploited

CVE-2025-11953: React Native Community CLI OS Command Injection Vulnerability

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV). The Metro Development Server, which is opened by the React Native Community CLI, binds to external interfaces by default.

CISA KEV · added 2026-02-05 CVSS 9.8 Critical EPSS 94.0% · p99.8

Updated By erroneo.us Security Desk18 references Seen in the digest for Feb 5, 2026, digest for Nov 3, 2025

Should you act?

Exploited: patch now if you run it

CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild. This signal is computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS data; it is not an editorial verdict.

  • Yes, if you run React Native Community CLI. CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-02-05, which means there is reliable evidence of exploitation in the wild. US federal agencies must remediate by 2026-02-26; treat that as the outer limit, not the target.
  • EPSS 94.0%, percentile 99.8: FIRST’s model estimates a 94.0% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 99.8% of all scored CVEs (very high). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
  • Remotely reachable with no login and no user interaction. If the vulnerable service is exposed to the internet, prioritize it.
  • Only applies if your dependency tree includes @react-native-community/cli (npm) >= 20.0.0-alpha.0, < 20.0.0, fixed in 20.0.0; @react-native-community/cli (npm) >= 19.0.0-alpha.0, < 19.1.2, fixed in 19.1.2; @react-native-community/cli (npm) >= 18.0.0, < 18.0.1, fixed in 18.0.1; @react-native-community/cli-server-api (npm) >= 20.0.0-alpha.0, < 20.0.0, fixed in 20.0.0. Check your lockfile, including transitive dependencies.

What it is

The Metro Development Server, which is opened by the React Native Community CLI, binds to external interfaces by default. The server exposes an endpoint that is vulnerable to OS command injection. This allows unauthenticated network attackers to send a POST request to the server and run arbitrary executables. On Windows, the attackers can also execute arbitrary shell commands with fully controlled arguments.

From the GitHub advisory

The Metro Development Server, which is opened by the React Native CLI, binds to external interfaces by default. The server exposes an endpoint that is vulnerable to OS command injection. This allows unauthenticated network attackers to send a POST request to the server and run arbitrary executables. On Windows, the attackers can also execute arbitrary shell commands with fully controlled arguments.

CISA’s summary

React Native Community CLI contains an OS command injection vulnerability which could allow unauthenticated network attackers to send POST requests to the Metro Development Server and run arbitrary executables via a vulnerable endpoint exposed by the server. On Windows, attackers can also execute arbitrary shell commands with fully controlled arguments.

Weakness type: CWE-78.

Product: React Native Community CLI · Assigned by: JFROG · Published: 2025-11-03

Affected and fixed versions

EcosystemPackageVulnerableFirst fixed
npm@react-native-community/cli>= 20.0.0-alpha.0, < 20.0.020.0.0
npm@react-native-community/cli>= 19.0.0-alpha.0, < 19.1.219.1.2
npm@react-native-community/cli>= 18.0.0, < 18.0.118.0.1
npm@react-native-community/cli-server-api>= 20.0.0-alpha.0, < 20.0.020.0.0
npm@react-native-community/cli-server-api>= 19.0.0-alpha.0, < 19.1.219.1.2
npm@react-native-community/cli-server-api>= 18.0.0, < 18.0.118.0.1
VendorProductAffected versions (per CVE record)
@react-native-community/cli-server-api4.8.0 < 20.0.0

Severity scores

Scored byCVSSScoreVector
JFROG3.19.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
GitHub3.19.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
  • Attack vector: network (remotely reachable)
  • Attack complexity: low
  • Privileges required: none (no login)
  • User interaction: none
  • Scope: unchanged

CVSS measures how bad a flaw is if exploited, not how likely exploitation is. Read it next to the exploitation data below.

Exploitation and urgency

  • CISA KEV: added 2026-02-05; federal due date 2026-02-26. Known ransomware use: Unknown.
  • CISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
  • CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation active, automatable yes, technical impact total.
  • FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 93.98% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 99.8.

Timeline

  • — CVE record published by JFROG
  • — GitHub-reviewed advisory GHSA-399j-vxmf-hjvr published (critical)
  • — Added to CISA’s Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
  • — CISA remediation deadline for US federal agencies
  • — CVE record last updated

Sources and references

Original sources first. Version and fix details should always be confirmed against the vendor or project advisory.

Vendor and project advisories, patches

  1. github.com github.com
  2. Listed in CISA KEV notes (github.com) github.com

Vulnerability records

  1. GitHub Advisory GHSA-399j-vxmf-hjvr github.com
  2. CVE.org record CVE-2025-11953 cve.org
  3. NVD entry CVE-2025-11953 nvd.nist.gov

Government

  1. CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog entry cisa.gov

Other references from the CVE record and advisory

  1. jfrog.com jfrog.com
  2. vulncheck.com vulncheck.com
  3. x.com x.com
  4. x.com x.com
  5. github.com github.com
  6. github.com github.com
  7. github.com github.com
  8. github.com github.com
  9. github.com github.com
  10. github.com github.com
  11. github.com github.com
  12. x.com x.com

All exploited React Native Community vulnerabilities · Critical npm advisories · Today’s Security Digest