Security Digest · Vulnerability record · Known exploited
CVE-2025-24054: Microsoft Windows NTLM Hash Disclosure Spoofing Vulnerability
Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV). External control of file name or path in Windows NTLM allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.
CISA KEV · added 2025-04-17 CVSS 6.5 Medium EPSS 62.3% · p99
Should you act?
Exploited: patch now if you run it
CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild. This signal is computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS data; it is not an editorial verdict.
- Yes, if you run Microsoft Windows. CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-04-17, which means there is reliable evidence of exploitation in the wild. US federal agencies must remediate by 2025-05-08; treat that as the outer limit, not the target.
- EPSS 62.3%, percentile 99: FIRST’s model estimates a 62.3% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 99% of all scored CVEs (very high). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
- Needs a user to click or open something. Phishing makes that realistic, but it is not wormable.
What it is
External control of file name or path in Windows NTLM allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.
CISA’s summary
Microsoft Windows NTLM contains an external control of file name or path vulnerability that allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.
Weakness type: CWE-73.
Product: Microsoft Windows · Assigned by: microsoft · Published: 2025-03-11
Affected and fixed versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions (per CVE record) |
|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1507 | 10.0.10240.0 < 10.0.10240.20947 |
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 | 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.7876 |
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 | 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.7009 |
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 | 10.0.19044.0 < 10.0.19044.5608 |
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 | 10.0.19045.0 < 10.0.19045.5608 |
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H2 | 10.0.22621.0 < 10.0.22621.5039 |
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 | 10.0.22631.0 < 10.0.22631.5039 |
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 | 10.0.22631.0 < 10.0.22631.5039 |
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 | 10.0.26100.0 < 10.0.26100.3476 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 | 6.1.7601.0 < 6.1.7601.27618 |
Severity scores
| Scored by | CVSS | Score | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| microsoft | 3.1 | 6.5 Medium | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C |
- Attack vector: network (remotely reachable)
- Attack complexity: low
- Privileges required: none (no login)
- User interaction: required (a user must click/open something)
- Scope: unchanged
CVSS measures how bad a flaw is if exploited, not how likely exploitation is. Read it next to the exploitation data below.
Exploitation and urgency
- CISA KEV: added 2025-04-17; federal due date 2025-05-08. Known ransomware use: Unknown.
- CISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
- CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation active, automatable no, technical impact partial.
- FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 62.27% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 99.
Timeline
- — CVE record published by microsoft
- — Added to CISA’s Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
- — CISA remediation deadline for US federal agencies
- — CVE record last updated
Sources and references
Original sources first. Version and fix details should always be confirmed against the vendor or project advisory.
Vendor and project advisories, patches
- NTLM Hash Disclosure Spoofing Vulnerability msrc.microsoft.com
Vulnerability records
- CVE.org record CVE-2025-24054 cve.org
- NVD entry CVE-2025-24054 nvd.nist.gov
Government
Other references from the CVE record and advisory
- seclists.org seclists.org
- vicarius.io vicarius.io
- vicarius.io vicarius.io
- exploit-db.com exploit-db.com
- exploit-db.com exploit-db.com
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