CVE-2025-24813: Apache Tomcat Path Equivalence Vulnerability

Should you act?

Exploited: patch now if you run it

CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild. This signal is computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS data; it is not an editorial verdict.

• Yes, if you run Apache Tomcat. CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-04-01, which means there is reliable evidence of exploitation in the wild. US federal agencies must remediate by 2025-04-22; treat that as the outer limit, not the target.
• EPSS 99.9%, percentile 100.0: FIRST’s model estimates a 99.9% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 100.0% of all scored CVEs (very high). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
• Remotely reachable with no login and no user interaction. If the vulnerable service is exposed to the internet, prioritize it.
• Only applies if your dependency tree includes org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) >= 11.0.0-M1, < 11.0.3, fixed in 11.0.3; org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) >= 10.1.0-M1, < 10.1.35, fixed in 10.1.35; org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) >= 9.0.0.M1, < 9.0.99, fixed in 9.0.99; org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) >= 11.0.0-M1, < 11.0.3, fixed in 11.0.3. Check your lockfile, including transitive dependencies.
• Editorial verdict: Most can relax. Apache Tomcat Partial PUT RCE (CVE-2025-24813) — It is in KEV and attacks were seen within days, but exploitation needs the default servlet's write support turned on, which is off by default and rare; upgrade on your normal cycle and check that one setting.

What it is

Path Equivalence: 'file.Name' (Internal Dot) leading to Remote Code Execution and/or Information disclosure and/or malicious content added to uploaded files via write enabled Default Servlet in Apache Tomcat. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.2, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.34, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.98. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 though 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected. If all of the following were true, a malicious user was able to view security sensitive files and/or inject content into those files: - writes enabled for the default servlet (disabled by default) - support for partial PUT (enabled by default) - a target URL for security sensitive uploads that was a sub-directory of a target URL for public uploads - attacker knowledge of the names of security sensitive files being uploaded - the security sensitive files also being uploaded via partial PUT If all of the following were true, a malicious user was able to perform remote code execution: - writes enabled for the default servlet (disabled by default) - support for partial PUT (enabled by default) - application was using Tomcat's file based session persistence with the default storage location - application included a library that may be leveraged in a deserialization attack Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.3, 10.1.35 or 9.0.99, which fixes the issue.

From the GitHub advisory

Path Equivalence: 'file.Name' (Internal Dot) leading to Remote Code Execution and/or Information disclosure and/or malicious content added to uploaded files via write enabled Default Servlet in Apache Tomcat.

This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.2, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.34, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.98. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 though 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected.

If all of the following were true, a malicious user was able to view security sensitive files and/or inject content into those files: - writes enabled for the default servlet (disabled by default) - support for partial PUT (enabled by default) - a target URL for security sensitive uploads that was a sub-directory of a target URL for public uploads - attacker knowledge of the names of security sensitive files being uploaded - the security sensitive files also being uploaded via partial PUT

If all of the following were true, a malicious user was able to perform remote code execution: - writes enabled for the default servlet (disabled by default) - support for partial PUT (enabled by default) - application was using Tomcat's file based session persistence with the default storage location - application included a library that may be leveraged in a deserialization attack

Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.3, 10.1.35 or 9.0.99, which fixes the issue.

CISA’s summary

Apache Tomcat contains a path equivalence vulnerability that allows a remote attacker to execute code, disclose information, or inject malicious content via a partial PUT request. This vulnerability can be chained with CVE‑2026‑34486.

Weakness type: CWE-44, CWE-502.

Product: Apache Tomcat · Assigned by: apache · Published: 2025-03-10

Affected and fixed versions

Severity scores

• Attack vector: network (remotely reachable)
• Attack complexity: low
• Attack requirements: present (depends on deployment conditions)
• Privileges required: none (no login)
• User interaction: none

CVSS measures how bad a flaw is if exploited, not how likely exploitation is. Read it next to the exploitation data below.

Exploitation and urgency

• CISA KEV: added 2025-04-01; federal due date 2025-04-22. Known ransomware use: Unknown.
• CISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
• CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation active, automatable no, technical impact total.
• FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 99.93% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 100.0.

Timeline

• 2025-03-10 — CVE record published by apache
• 2025-03-10 — GitHub-reviewed advisory GHSA-83qj-6fr2-vhqg published (critical)
• 2025-03-10 — erroneo.us brief: Apache Tomcat Partial PUT RCE (CVE-2025-24813)
• 2025-04-01 — Added to CISA’s Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
• 2025-04-22 — CISA remediation deadline for US federal agencies
• 2025-10-29 — CVE record last updated

Sources and references

Original sources first. Version and fix details should always be confirmed against the vendor or project advisory.

Vendor and project advisories, patches

1. lists.apache.org lists.apache.org

Vulnerability records

1. GitHub Advisory GHSA-83qj-6fr2-vhqg github.com
2. CVE.org record CVE-2025-24813 cve.org
3. NVD entry CVE-2025-24813 nvd.nist.gov

Government

1. CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog entry cisa.gov

Other references from the CVE record and advisory

1. openwall.com openwall.com
2. vicarius.io vicarius.io
3. vicarius.io vicarius.io
4. security.netapp.com security.netapp.com
5. lists.debian.org lists.debian.org
6. vicarius.io vicarius.io
7. vicarius.io vicarius.io
8. github.com github.com
9. github.com github.com
10. github.com github.com
11. github.com github.com

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