---
title: "CVE-2025-30066: tj-actions/changed-files GitHub Action Embedded Malicious Code Vulnerability"
url: https://erroneo.us/security/cve/CVE-2025-30066/
description: "CVE-2025-30066 (tj-actions changed-files GitHub Action): Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV). tj-actions changed-files before 46 allows remote attackers to…"
type: vulnerability-record
section: "Security Digest"
date_published: 2025-03-15
date_modified: 2026-10-21
publisher: erroneo.us
author: erroneo.us Security Desk
cve: "CVE-2025-30066"
kev: true
cvss: 8.6
epss: 0.72092
license: All rights reserved. Quote with attribution and a link.
---

# CVE-2025-30066: tj-actions/changed-files GitHub Action Embedded Malicious Code Vulnerability

**Signal:** Exploited: patch now if you run it. CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild. (Computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS; not an editorial verdict.)

## Should you act?

- Yes, if you run tj-actions changed-files GitHub Action. CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-03-18, which means there is reliable evidence of exploitation in the wild. US federal agencies must remediate by 2025-04-08 ; treat that as the outer limit, not the target.
- EPSS 72.1% , percentile 99: FIRST’s model estimates a 72.1% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 99% of all scored CVEs (very high). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
- Remotely reachable with no login and no user interaction. If the vulnerable service is exposed to the internet, prioritize it.
- Editorial verdict: Check exposure. tj-actions/changed-files: GitHub Action Leaked CI Secrets — The malicious tags were cleaned up within about a day in March 2025; today the job is confirming you rotated any secret that a March 14-15, 2025 workflow run could have printed, and that you pin Actions by SHA.

## What it is

tj-actions changed-files before 46 allows remote attackers to discover secrets by reading actions logs. (The tags v1 through v45.0.7 were affected on 2025-03-14 and 2025-03-15 because they were modified by a threat actor to point at commit 0e58ed8, which contained malicious updateFeatures code.)

## Affected products (CVE record)

- tj-actions changed-files: 1 < 46

## Severity

- mitre CVSS 3.1: 8.6 `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N`

## Exploitation

- CISA KEV: added 2025-03-18; federal due date 2025-04-08. Known ransomware use: Unknown.
- CISA required action: Apply mitigations as set forth in the CISA instructions linked below. Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
- CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation active , automatable yes , technical impact partial .
- FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 72.09% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 99.

## Sources

- [Listed in CISA KEV notes (github.com)](https://github.com/tj-actions/changed-files/blob/45fb12d7a8bedb4da42342e52fe054c6c2c3fd73/README.md?plain=1#L20-L28)
- [CVE.org record CVE-2025-30066](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-30066)
- [NVD entry CVE-2025-30066](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30066)
- [CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog entry](https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-30066)
- [Listed in CISA KEV notes (cisa.gov)](https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/alerts/2025/03/18/supply-chain-compromise-third-party-tj-actionschanged-files-cve-2025-30066-and-reviewdogaction)
- [github.com](https://github.com/github/docs/blob/962a1c8dccb8c0f66548b324e5b921b5e4fbc3d6/content/actions/security-for-github-actions/security-guides/security-hardening-for-github-actions.md?plain=1#L191-L193)
- [github.com](https://github.com/tj-actions/changed-files/issues/2463)
- [stepsecurity.io](https://www.stepsecurity.io/blog/harden-runner-detection-tj-actions-changed-files-action-is-compromised)
- [semgrep.dev](https://semgrep.dev/blog/2025/popular-github-action-tj-actionschanged-files-is-compromised/)
- [news.ycombinator.com](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43368870)
- [web.archive.org](https://web.archive.org/web/20250315060250/https://github.com/tj-actions/changed-files/issues/2463)
- [news.ycombinator.com](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43367987)
- [github.com](https://github.com/rackerlabs/genestack/pull/903)
- [github.com](https://github.com/chains-project/maven-lockfile/pull/1111)
- [sysdig.com](https://sysdig.com/blog/detecting-and-mitigating-the-tj-actions-changed-files-supply-chain-attack-cve-2025-30066/)
- [github.com](https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/issues/11127)
- [github.com](https://github.com/modal-labs/modal-examples/issues/1100)
- [github.com](https://github.com/tj-actions/changed-files/issues/2464)
- [wiz.io](https://www.wiz.io/blog/github-action-tj-actions-changed-files-supply-chain-attack-cve-2025-30066)
- [stream.security](https://www.stream.security/post/github-action-supply-chain-attack-exposes-secrets-what-you-need-to-know-and-how-to-respond)
- [sweet.security](https://www.sweet.security/blog/cve-2025-30066-tj-actions-supply-chain-attack)
- [github.com](https://github.com/tj-actions/changed-files/issues/2477)
- [blog.gitguardian.com](https://blog.gitguardian.com/compromised-tj-actions/)
- [cisa.gov](https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/alerts/2025/03/18/supply-chain-compromise-third-party-github-action-cve-2025-30066)

---
Source page: https://erroneo.us/security/cve/CVE-2025-30066/ · Security Digest: https://erroneo.us/security/ · More: https://erroneo.us/llms.txt