CVE-2025-31201: Apple Multiple Products Arbitrary Read and Write Vulnerability

Should you act?

Exploited: patch now if you run it

CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild. This signal is computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS data; it is not an editorial verdict.

• Yes, if you run Apple Multiple Products. CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-04-17, which means there is reliable evidence of exploitation in the wild. US federal agencies must remediate by 2025-05-08; treat that as the outer limit, not the target.
• EPSS 13.9%, percentile 97: FIRST’s model estimates a 13.9% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 97% of all scored CVEs (very high). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
• Remotely reachable with no login and no user interaction. If the vulnerable service is exposed to the internet, prioritize it.

What it is

This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.4.1, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1, tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1. An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on iOS.

CISA’s summary

Apple iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and other Apple products contain an arbitrary read and write vulnerability that allows an attacker to bypass Pointer Authentication.

Weakness type: CWE-1220.

Product: Apple Multiple Products · Assigned by: apple · Published: 2025-04-16

Affected and fixed versions

Severity scores

• Attack vector: network (remotely reachable)
• Attack complexity: low
• Privileges required: none (no login)
• User interaction: none
• Scope: unchanged

CVSS measures how bad a flaw is if exploited, not how likely exploitation is. Read it next to the exploitation data below.

Exploitation and urgency

• CISA KEV: added 2025-04-17; federal due date 2025-05-08. Known ransomware use: Unknown.
• CISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
• CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation active, automatable yes, technical impact total.
• FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 13.86% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 97.

Timeline

• 2025-04-16 — CVE record published by apple
• 2025-04-17 — Added to CISA’s Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
• 2025-05-08 — CISA remediation deadline for US federal agencies
• 2026-04-02 — CVE record last updated

Sources and references

Original sources first. Version and fix details should always be confirmed against the vendor or project advisory.

Vendor and project advisories, patches

1. Listed in CISA KEV notes (support.apple.com) support.apple.com
2. Listed in CISA KEV notes (support.apple.com) support.apple.com
3. Listed in CISA KEV notes (support.apple.com) support.apple.com
4. Listed in CISA KEV notes (support.apple.com) support.apple.com

Vulnerability records

1. CVE.org record CVE-2025-31201 cve.org
2. NVD entry CVE-2025-31201 nvd.nist.gov

Government

1. CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog entry cisa.gov

Other references from the CVE record and advisory

1. github.com github.com
2. github.com github.com
3. seclists.org seclists.org
4. seclists.org seclists.org
5. seclists.org seclists.org
6. seclists.org seclists.org
7. seclists.org seclists.org

All exploited Apple vulnerabilities · Today’s Security Digest