CVE-2025-31324: SAP NetWeaver

Should you act?

Exploited: patch now if you run it

CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild. This signal is computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS data; it is not an editorial verdict.

Yes, if you run SAP NetWeaver. CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-04-29, which means there is reliable evidence of exploitation in the wild. US federal agencies must remediate by 2025-05-20; treat that as the outer limit, not the target. CISA also lists it as known to be used in ransomware campaigns.
EPSS 99.5%, percentile 99.9: FIRST’s model estimates a 99.5% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 99.9% of all scored CVEs (very high). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
Remotely reachable with no login and no user interaction. If the vulnerable service is exposed to the internet, prioritize it.
Editorial verdict: Check exposure. SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer: Unauthenticated Upload RCE — Patches have existed since April and May 2025, but this was a mass-exploited zero-day used by ransomware crews, so every SAP Java shop should confirm the fix and hunt for leftover webshells.

What it is

SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer Metadata Uploader is not protected with a proper authorization, allowing unauthenticated agent to upload potentially malicious executable binaries that could severely harm the host system. This could significantly affect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the targeted system.

CISA’s summary

SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer Metadata Uploader contains an unrestricted file upload vulnerability that allows an unauthenticated agent to upload potentially malicious executable binaries.

Weakness type: CWE-434.

Product: SAP NetWeaver · Assigned by: sap · Published: 2025-04-24

Affected and fixed versions

Vendor	Product	Affected versions (per CVE record)
SAP_SE	SAP NetWeaver (Visual Composer development server)	VCFRAMEWORK 7.50

Severity scores

Scored by	CVSS	Score	Vector
sap	3.1	10 Critical	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H`

Attack vector: network (remotely reachable)
Attack complexity: low
Privileges required: none (no login)
User interaction: none
Scope: changed (can affect other components)

CVSS measures how bad a flaw is if exploited, not how likely exploitation is. Read it next to the exploitation data below.

Exploitation and urgency

CISA KEV: added 2025-04-29; federal due date 2025-05-20. Known ransomware use: Known.
CISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation active, automatable yes, technical impact total.
FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 99.49% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 99.9.

Timeline

2025-04-24 — CVE record published by sap
2025-04-24 — erroneo.us brief: SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer: Unauthenticated Upload RCE
2025-04-29 — Added to CISA’s Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
2025-05-20 — CISA remediation deadline for US federal agencies
2026-08-04 — CVE record last updated

Sources and references

Original sources first. Version and fix details should always be confirmed against the vendor or project advisory.

Other references from the CVE record and advisory

url.sap url.sap
onapsis.com onapsis.com
theregister.com theregister.com
bleepingcomputer.com bleepingcomputer.com

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