Security Digest · Vulnerability record
CVE-2025-32969: org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server allows SQL injection in query endpoint of REST API
XWiki is a generic wiki platform. In versions starting from 1.8 and prior to 15.10.16, 16.4.6, and 16.10.1, it is possible for a remote unauthenticated user to escape from the HQL execution context and perform a blind SQL injection to execute arbitrary SQL statements on the database backend, including when "Prevent…
CVSS 9.3 Critical EPSS 80.0% · p99.6
Should you act?
High exploit likelihood
EPSS ranks it in the top 5% of all CVEs for likely exploitation in the next 30 days. This signal is computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS data; it is not an editorial verdict.
- No confirmed exploitation. It is not in CISA’s KEV catalog and CISA’s SSVC assessment records no known exploitation. That can change quickly after a public write-up; re-check if you are affected.
- EPSS 80.0%, percentile 99.6: FIRST’s model estimates a 80.0% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 99.6% of all scored CVEs (very high). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
- Remotely reachable with no login and no user interaction. If the vulnerable service is exposed to the internet, prioritize it.
- Only applies if your dependency tree includes
org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server(Maven) >= 1.8, < 15.10.16, fixed in 15.10.16;org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server(Maven) >= 16.0.0-rc-1, < 16.4.6, fixed in 16.4.6;org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server(Maven) >= 16.5.0-rc-1, < 16.10.1, fixed in 16.10.1. Check your lockfile, including transitive dependencies.
What it is
XWiki is a generic wiki platform. In versions starting from 1.8 and prior to 15.10.16, 16.4.6, and 16.10.1, it is possible for a remote unauthenticated user to escape from the HQL execution context and perform a blind SQL injection to execute arbitrary SQL statements on the database backend, including when "Prevent unregistered users from viewing pages, regardless of the page rights" and "Prevent unregistered users from editing pages, regardless of the page rights" options are enabled. Depending on the used database backend, the attacker may be able to not only obtain confidential information such as password hashes from the database, but also execute UPDATE/INSERT/DELETE queries. This issue has been patched in versions 16.10.1, 16.4.6 and 15.10.16. There is no known workaround, other than upgrading XWiki.
From the GitHub advisory
Impact
It is possible for a remote unauthenticated user to escape from the HQL execution context and perform a blind SQL injection to execute arbitrary SQL statements on the database backend, including when "Prevent unregistered users from viewing pages, regardless of the page rights" and "Prevent unregistered users from editing pages, regardless of the page rights" options are enabled.
Depending on the used database backend, the attacker may be able to not only obtain confidential information such as password hashes from the database, but also execute UPDATE/INSERT/DELETE queries.
The vulnerability may be tested in a default installation of XWIki Standard Flavor, including using the official Docker containers.
An example query, which leads to SQL injection with MySQL/MariaDB backend is shown below:
Weakness type: CWE-89.
Product: org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server (Maven) · Assigned by: GitHub_M · Published: 2025-04-23
Affected and fixed versions
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable | First fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maven | org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server | >= 1.8, < 15.10.16 | 15.10.16 |
| Maven | org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server | >= 16.0.0-rc-1, < 16.4.6 | 16.4.6 |
| Maven | org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rest-server | >= 16.5.0-rc-1, < 16.10.1 | 16.10.1 |
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions (per CVE record) |
|---|---|---|
| xwiki | xwiki-platform | >= 1.8, < 15.10.16, >= 16.0.0-rc-1, < 16.4.6, >= 16.5.0-rc-1, < 16.10.1 |
Severity scores
| Scored by | CVSS | Score | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| GitHub_M | 4.0 | 9.3 Critical | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N |
| GitHub | 4.0 | 9.3 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N |
- Attack vector: network (remotely reachable)
- Attack complexity: low
- Attack requirements: none
- Privileges required: none (no login)
- User interaction: none
CVSS measures how bad a flaw is if exploited, not how likely exploitation is. Read it next to the exploitation data below.
Exploitation and urgency
- CISA KEV: not listed (no confirmed in-the-wild exploitation known to CISA).
- CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation none, automatable yes, technical impact total.
- FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 80.01% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 99.6.
Timeline
- — CVE record last updated
- — CVE record published by GitHub_M
- — GitHub-reviewed advisory GHSA-f69v-xrj8-rhxf published (critical)
Sources and references
Original sources first. Version and fix details should always be confirmed against the vendor or project advisory.
Vulnerability records
- GitHub Advisory GHSA-f69v-xrj8-rhxf github.com
- CVE.org record CVE-2025-32969 cve.org
- NVD entry CVE-2025-32969 nvd.nist.gov
Other references from the CVE record and advisory
- github.com github.com
- github.com github.com
- jira.xwiki.org jira.xwiki.org