---
title: "CVE-2025-36852: @nx/azure-cache Vulnerable to Build Cache Poisoning via Untrusted Pull Requests"
url: https://erroneo.us/security/cve/CVE-2025-36852/
description: "CVE-2025-36852 (@nx/azure-cache (npm)): A critical security vulnerability exists in remote cache extensions for common build systems utilizing bucket-based…"
type: vulnerability-record
section: "Security Digest"
date_published: 2025-06-10
date_modified: 2025-10-14
publisher: erroneo.us
author: erroneo.us Security Desk
cve: "CVE-2025-36852"
kev: false
cvss: 9.4
epss: 0.00249
license: All rights reserved. Quote with attribution and a link.
---

# CVE-2025-36852: @nx/azure-cache Vulnerable to Build Cache Poisoning via Untrusted Pull Requests

**Signal:** Critical, preconditions apply. Severe if exploited, but exploitation needs conditions that may not apply to you. (Computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS; not an editorial verdict.)

## Should you act?

- No confirmed exploitation. It is not in CISA’s KEV catalog and CISA’s SSVC assessment records no known exploitation. That can change quickly after a public write-up; re-check if you are affected.
- EPSS 0.2% , percentile 15: FIRST’s model estimates a 0.2% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 15% of all scored CVEs (low). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
- Needs an account (low (any account)). Exposure depends on who can log in.
- Only applies if your dependency tree includes @nx/azure-cache (npm) <= 4.0.0, no fixed version listed . Check your lockfile, including transitive dependencies.

## What it is

A critical security vulnerability exists in remote cache extensions for common build systems utilizing bucket-based remote cache (such as those using Amazon S3, Google Cloud Storage, or similar object storage) that allows any contributor with pull request privileges to inject compromised artifacts from an untrusted environment into trusted production environments without detection. The vulnerability exploits a fundamental design flaw in the "first-to-cache wins" principle, where artifacts built in untrusted environments (feature branches, pull requests) can poison the cache used by trusted environments (protected branches, production deployments). This attack bypasses all traditional security measures including encryption, access controls, and checksum validation because the poisoning occurs during the artifact construction phase, before any security measures are applied.

## Affected packages

- npm `@nx/azure-cache` <= 4.0.0 → fixed: none listed

## Affected products (CVE record)

- Niklas Portmann Azure Based Remote Cache Plugin for Nx: 0
- Niklas Portmann Minio Based Remote Cache Plugin for Nx: 0
- Niklas Portmann Nx Remote Cache Utilities: 0
- Nx AWS S3 Remote Cache Plugin for Nx: 0
- Nx GCS Remote Cache Plugin for Nx: 0
- Nx Azure Blob Remote Cache Plugin for Nx: 0
- Nx Shared File System Cache Plugin for Nx: 0

## Severity

- HeroDevs CVSS 4.0: 9.4 `CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/S:P/AU:Y/R:U/V:C/RE:M/U:Red`
- GitHub CVSS 4.0: 9.4 `CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/S:P/AU:Y/R:U/V:C/RE:M/U:Red`

## Exploitation

- CISA KEV: not listed (no confirmed in-the-wild exploitation known to CISA).
- CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation none , automatable no , technical impact total .
- FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 0.25% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 15.

## Sources

- [GitHub Advisory GHSA-rrr2-jcr8-7q3x](https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-rrr2-jcr8-7q3x)
- [CVE.org record CVE-2025-36852](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-36852)
- [NVD entry CVE-2025-36852](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-36852)
- [nx.app](https://nx.app/files/cve-2025-06)
- [nx.dev](https://nx.dev/blog/creep-vulnerability-build-cache-security)
- [nx.dev](https://nx.dev/docs/reference/remote-cache-plugins/azure-cache/overview)

---
Source page: https://erroneo.us/security/cve/CVE-2025-36852/ · Security Digest: https://erroneo.us/security/ · More: https://erroneo.us/llms.txt