---
title: "CVE-2025-42999: SAP NetWeaver Deserialization Vulnerability"
url: https://erroneo.us/security/cve/CVE-2025-42999/
description: "CVE-2025-42999 (SAP NetWeaver): Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV). SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer Metadata Uploader is vulnerable when a privileged user can…"
type: vulnerability-record
section: "Security Digest"
date_published: 2025-05-13
date_modified: 2026-10-21
publisher: erroneo.us
author: erroneo.us Security Desk
cve: "CVE-2025-42999"
kev: true
cvss: 9.1
epss: 0.12854
license: All rights reserved. Quote with attribution and a link.
---

# CVE-2025-42999: SAP NetWeaver Deserialization Vulnerability

**Signal:** Exploited: patch now if you run it. CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild. (Computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS; not an editorial verdict.)

## Should you act?

- Yes, if you run SAP NetWeaver. CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-05-15, which means there is reliable evidence of exploitation in the wild. US federal agencies must remediate by 2025-06-05 ; treat that as the outer limit, not the target. CISA also lists it as known to be used in ransomware campaigns .
- EPSS 12.9% , percentile 96: FIRST’s model estimates a 12.9% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 96% of all scored CVEs (very high). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
- Needs an account (high (admin)). Exposure depends on who can log in.
- Editorial verdict: Check exposure. SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer: Unauthenticated Upload RCE — Patches have existed since April and May 2025, but this was a mass-exploited zero-day used by ransomware crews, so every SAP Java shop should confirm the fix and hunt for leftover webshells.

## What it is

SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer Metadata Uploader is vulnerable when a privileged user can upload untrusted or malicious content which, when deserialized, could potentially lead to a compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the host system.

## Affected products (CVE record)

- SAP_SE SAP NetWeaver (Visual Composer development server): VCFRAMEWORK 7.50

## Severity

- sap CVSS 3.1: 9.1 `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H`

## Exploitation

- CISA KEV: added 2025-05-15; federal due date 2025-06-05. Known ransomware use: Known.
- CISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
- CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation active , automatable no , technical impact total .
- FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 12.85% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 96.

## Sources

- [Listed in CISA KEV notes (me.sap.com)](https://me.sap.com/notes/3604119)
- [CVE.org record CVE-2025-42999](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-42999)
- [NVD entry CVE-2025-42999](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-42999)
- [CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog entry](https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-42999)
- [url.sap](https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday)
- [onapsis.com](https://onapsis.com/blog/active-exploitation-of-sap-vulnerability-cve-2025-31324/)

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Source page: https://erroneo.us/security/cve/CVE-2025-42999/ · Security Digest: https://erroneo.us/security/ · More: https://erroneo.us/llms.txt