Security Digest · Vulnerability record
CVE-2025-49594: XWiki OIDC Authenticator: Users with "view" access can create tokens for any users they can view
XWiki OIDC has various tools to manipulate OpenID Connect protocol in XWiki.
CVSS 9.2 Critical EPSS 0.4% · p37
Should you act?
Critical and remotely reachable
No known exploitation yet, but it is network-reachable without credentials. This signal is computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS data; it is not an editorial verdict.
- No confirmed exploitation. It is not in CISA’s KEV catalog and CISA’s SSVC assessment records no known exploitation. That can change quickly after a public write-up; re-check if you are affected.
- EPSS 0.4%, percentile 37: FIRST’s model estimates a 0.4% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 37% of all scored CVEs (low). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
- Remotely reachable with no login and no user interaction. If the vulnerable service is exposed to the internet, prioritize it.
- Only applies if your dependency tree includes
org.xwiki.contrib.oidc:oidc-authenticator(Maven) >= 2.17.1, < 2.18.2, fixed in 2.18.2. Check your lockfile, including transitive dependencies.
What it is
XWiki OIDC has various tools to manipulate OpenID Connect protocol in XWiki. Starting in version 2.17.1 and prior to version 2.18.2, anyone with VIEW access to a user profile can create a token for that user. If that XWiki instance is configured to allow token authentication, it allows authentication with any user (since users are very commonly viewable, at least to other registered users). Version 2.18.2 contains a patch. As a workaround, disable token access.
From the GitHub advisory
Impact
Anyone with VIEW access to a user profile can create a token for that user. If that XWiki instance is configured to allow token authentication, it allows authentication with any user (since users are very commonly viewable, at least to other registered users).
Patches
Version 2.18.2.
Workarounds
Weakness type: CWE-285.
Product: org.xwiki.contrib.oidc:oidc-authenticator (Maven) · Assigned by: GitHub_M · Published: 2025-10-06
Affected and fixed versions
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable | First fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maven | org.xwiki.contrib.oidc:oidc-authenticator | >= 2.17.1, < 2.18.2 | 2.18.2 |
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions (per CVE record) |
|---|---|---|
| xwiki-contrib | oidc | >= 2.17.1, < 2.18.2 |
Severity scores
| Scored by | CVSS | Score | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| GitHub_M | 4.0 | 9.2 Critical | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N |
| GitHub | 4.0 | 9.2 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N |
- Attack vector: network (remotely reachable)
- Attack complexity: low
- Attack requirements: present (depends on deployment conditions)
- Privileges required: none (no login)
- User interaction: none
CVSS measures how bad a flaw is if exploited, not how likely exploitation is. Read it next to the exploitation data below.
Exploitation and urgency
- CISA KEV: not listed (no confirmed in-the-wild exploitation known to CISA).
- CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation none, automatable yes, technical impact total.
- FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 0.44% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 37.
Timeline
- — CVE record published by GitHub_M
- — GitHub-reviewed advisory GHSA-f2hf-pfrj-vrm7 published (critical)
- — CVE record last updated
Sources and references
Original sources first. Version and fix details should always be confirmed against the vendor or project advisory.
Vulnerability records
- GitHub Advisory GHSA-f2hf-pfrj-vrm7 github.com
- CVE.org record CVE-2025-49594 cve.org
- NVD entry CVE-2025-49594 nvd.nist.gov
Other references from the CVE record and advisory
- github.com github.com
- github.com github.com
- jira.xwiki.org jira.xwiki.org
- vicarius.io vicarius.io
- vicarius.io vicarius.io