---
title: "CVE-2025-49655: Keras framework vulnerable to deserialization of untrusted data"
url: https://erroneo.us/security/cve/CVE-2025-49655/
description: "CVE-2025-49655 (keras (PyPI)): Deserialization of untrusted data can occur in versions of the Keras framework running versions 3.11.0 up to but not…"
type: vulnerability-record
section: "Security Digest"
date_published: 2025-10-17
date_modified: 2025-10-17
publisher: erroneo.us
author: erroneo.us Security Desk
cve: "CVE-2025-49655"
kev: false
cvss: 9.8
epss: 0.0075
license: All rights reserved. Quote with attribution and a link.
---

# CVE-2025-49655: Keras framework vulnerable to deserialization of untrusted data

**Signal:** Critical and remotely reachable. No known exploitation yet, but it is network-reachable without credentials. (Computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS; not an editorial verdict.)

## Should you act?

- Not in CISA KEV , but CISA’s SSVC assessment records a public proof-of-concept, so attack code exists.
- EPSS 0.8% , percentile 54: FIRST’s model estimates a 0.8% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 54% of all scored CVEs (moderate). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
- Remotely reachable with no login and no user interaction. If the vulnerable service is exposed to the internet, prioritize it.
- Only applies if your dependency tree includes keras (PyPI) >= 3.11.0, < 3.11.3, fixed in 3.11.3 . Check your lockfile, including transitive dependencies.

## What it is

Deserialization of untrusted data can occur in versions of the Keras framework running versions 3.11.0 up to but not including 3.11.3, enabling a maliciously uploaded Keras file containing a TorchModuleWrapper class to run arbitrary code on an end user’s system when loaded despite safe mode being enabled. The vulnerability can be triggered through both local and remote files.

## Affected packages

- PyPI `keras` >= 3.11.0, < 3.11.3 → fixed: 3.11.3

## Affected products (CVE record)

- Keras Keras: 3.11.0 < 3.11.3

## Severity

- HiddenLayer CVSS 3.1: 9.8 `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`
- GitHub CVSS 3.1: 9.8 `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`

## Exploitation

- CISA KEV: not listed (no confirmed in-the-wild exploitation known to CISA).
- CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation poc , automatable yes , technical impact total .
- FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 0.75% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 54.

## Sources

- [GitHub Advisory GHSA-cvhh-q5g5-qprp](https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-cvhh-q5g5-qprp)
- [CVE.org record CVE-2025-49655](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-49655)
- [NVD entry CVE-2025-49655](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49655)
- [hiddenlayer.com](https://hiddenlayer.com/sai_security_advisor/2025-10-keras/)
- [github.com](https://github.com/keras-team/keras/pull/21575)

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Source page: https://erroneo.us/security/cve/CVE-2025-49655/ · Security Digest: https://erroneo.us/security/ · More: https://erroneo.us/llms.txt