---
title: "CVE-2025-54539: Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client has a Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability"
url: https://erroneo.us/security/cve/CVE-2025-54539/
description: "CVE-2025-54539 (Apache.NMS.AMQP (NuGet)): A Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability exists in the Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client. This issue…"
type: vulnerability-record
section: "Security Digest"
date_published: 2025-10-16
date_modified: 2026-02-26
publisher: erroneo.us
author: erroneo.us Security Desk
cve: "CVE-2025-54539"
kev: false
cvss: 9.8
epss: 0.02087
license: All rights reserved. Quote with attribution and a link.
---

# CVE-2025-54539: Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client has a Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability

**Signal:** Critical and remotely reachable. No known exploitation yet, but it is network-reachable without credentials. (Computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS; not an editorial verdict.)

## Should you act?

- No confirmed exploitation. It is not in CISA’s KEV catalog and CISA’s SSVC assessment records no known exploitation. That can change quickly after a public write-up; re-check if you are affected.
- EPSS 2.1% , percentile 81: FIRST’s model estimates a 2.1% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 81% of all scored CVEs (elevated). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
- Remotely reachable with no login and no user interaction. If the vulnerable service is exposed to the internet, prioritize it.
- Only applies if your dependency tree includes Apache.NMS.AMQP (NuGet) < 2.4.0, fixed in 2.4.0 . Check your lockfile, including transitive dependencies.

## What it is

A Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability exists in the Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client. This issue affects all versions of Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP up to and including 2.3.0, when establishing connections to untrusted AMQP servers. Malicious servers could exploit unbounded deserialization logic present in the client to craft responses that may lead to arbitrary code execution on the client side. Although version 2.1.0 introduced a mechanism to restrict deserialization via allow/deny lists, the protection was found to be bypassable under certain conditions. In line with Microsoft’s deprecation of binary serialization in .NET 9, the project is evaluating the removal of .NET binary serialization support from the NMS API entirely in future releases. Mitigation and Recommendations: Users are strongly encouraged to upgrade to version 2.4.0 or later, which resolves the issue. Additionally, projects depending on NMS-AMQP should migrate away from .NET binary serialization as part of a long-term hardening strategy.

## Affected packages

- NuGet `Apache.NMS.AMQP` < 2.4.0 → fixed: 2.4.0

## Affected products (CVE record)

- Apache Software Foundation Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client: <= 2.3.0

## Severity

- CISA-ADP CVSS 3.1: 9.8 `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`
- GitHub CVSS 3.1: 9.8 `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`

## Exploitation

- CISA KEV: not listed (no confirmed in-the-wild exploitation known to CISA).
- CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation none , automatable yes , technical impact total .
- FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 2.09% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 81.

## Sources

- [lists.apache.org](https://lists.apache.org/thread/9k684j07ljrshy3hxwhj5m0xjmkz1g2n)
- [GitHub Advisory GHSA-4mjw-xr5x-prpc](https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-4mjw-xr5x-prpc)
- [CVE.org record CVE-2025-54539](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-54539)
- [NVD entry CVE-2025-54539](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54539)
- [openwall.com](http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/10/15/3)

---
Source page: https://erroneo.us/security/cve/CVE-2025-54539/ · Security Digest: https://erroneo.us/security/ · More: https://erroneo.us/llms.txt