Security Digest · Vulnerability record
CVE-2025-69985: FUXA has JWT Authentication Bypass via HTTP Referer header spoofing
FUXA 1.2.8 and prior contains an Authentication Bypass vulnerability leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE).
CVSS 9.8 Critical EPSS 5.7% · p93
Should you act?
Critical and remotely reachable
No known exploitation yet, but it is network-reachable without credentials. This signal is computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS data; it is not an editorial verdict.
- Not in CISA KEV, but CISA’s SSVC assessment records a public proof-of-concept, so attack code exists.
- EPSS 5.7%, percentile 93: FIRST’s model estimates a 5.7% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 93% of all scored CVEs (elevated). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
- Remotely reachable with no login and no user interaction. If the vulnerable service is exposed to the internet, prioritize it.
- Only applies if your dependency tree includes
@frangoteam/fuxa(npm) <= 1.2.8, no fixed version listed. Check your lockfile, including transitive dependencies.
What it is
FUXA 1.2.8 and prior contains an Authentication Bypass vulnerability leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE). The vulnerability exists in the server/api/jwt-helper.js middleware, which improperly trusts the HTTP "Referer" header to validate internal requests. A remote unauthenticated attacker can bypass JWT authentication by spoofing the Referer header to match the server's host. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to access the protected /api/runscript endpoint and execute arbitrary Node.js code on the server.
From the GitHub advisory
FUXA 1.2.8 and prior contains an Authentication Bypass vulnerability leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE). The vulnerability exists in the server/api/jwt-helper.js middleware, which improperly trusts the HTTP "Referer" header to validate internal requests. A remote unauthenticated attacker can bypass JWT authentication by spoofing the Referer header to match the server's host. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to access the protected /api/runscript endpoint and execute arbitrary Node.js code on the server.
Weakness type: CWE-288.
Product: @frangoteam/fuxa (npm) · Assigned by: mitre · Published: 2026-02-24
Affected and fixed versions
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable | First fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| npm | @frangoteam/fuxa | <= 1.2.8 | none listed |
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions (per CVE record) |
|---|---|---|
| n/a | n/a | see vendor advisory |
Severity scores
| Scored by | CVSS | Score | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| CISA-ADP | 3.1 | 9.8 Critical | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H |
| GitHub | 3.1 | 9.8 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H |
- Attack vector: network (remotely reachable)
- Attack complexity: low
- Privileges required: none (no login)
- User interaction: none
- Scope: unchanged
CVSS measures how bad a flaw is if exploited, not how likely exploitation is. Read it next to the exploitation data below.
Exploitation and urgency
- CISA KEV: not listed (no confirmed in-the-wild exploitation known to CISA).
- CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation poc, automatable yes, technical impact total.
- FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 5.73% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 93.
Timeline
- — CVE record published by mitre
- — GitHub-reviewed advisory GHSA-4r4r-4jp4-wwf9 published (critical)
- — CVE record last updated
Sources and references
Original sources first. Version and fix details should always be confirmed against the vendor or project advisory.
Vulnerability records
- GitHub Advisory GHSA-4r4r-4jp4-wwf9 github.com
- CVE.org record CVE-2025-69985 cve.org
- NVD entry CVE-2025-69985 nvd.nist.gov
Other references from the CVE record and advisory
- github.com github.com
- gist.github.com gist.github.com