---
title: "CVE-2025-69985: FUXA has JWT Authentication Bypass via HTTP Referer header spoofing"
url: https://erroneo.us/security/cve/CVE-2025-69985/
description: "CVE-2025-69985 (@frangoteam/fuxa (npm)): FUXA 1.2.8 and prior contains an Authentication Bypass vulnerability leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE). The…"
type: vulnerability-record
section: "Security Digest"
date_published: 2026-02-24
date_modified: 2026-02-26
publisher: erroneo.us
author: erroneo.us Security Desk
cve: "CVE-2025-69985"
kev: false
cvss: 9.8
epss: 0.05731
license: All rights reserved. Quote with attribution and a link.
---

# CVE-2025-69985: FUXA has JWT Authentication Bypass via HTTP Referer header spoofing

**Signal:** Critical and remotely reachable. No known exploitation yet, but it is network-reachable without credentials. (Computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS; not an editorial verdict.)

## Should you act?

- Not in CISA KEV , but CISA’s SSVC assessment records a public proof-of-concept, so attack code exists.
- EPSS 5.7% , percentile 93: FIRST’s model estimates a 5.7% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 93% of all scored CVEs (elevated). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
- Remotely reachable with no login and no user interaction. If the vulnerable service is exposed to the internet, prioritize it.
- Only applies if your dependency tree includes @frangoteam/fuxa (npm) <= 1.2.8, no fixed version listed . Check your lockfile, including transitive dependencies.

## What it is

FUXA 1.2.8 and prior contains an Authentication Bypass vulnerability leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE). The vulnerability exists in the server/api/jwt-helper.js middleware, which improperly trusts the HTTP "Referer" header to validate internal requests. A remote unauthenticated attacker can bypass JWT authentication by spoofing the Referer header to match the server's host. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to access the protected /api/runscript endpoint and execute arbitrary Node.js code on the server.

## Affected packages

- npm `@frangoteam/fuxa` <= 1.2.8 → fixed: none listed

## Affected products (CVE record)

- n/a n/a: see advisory

## Severity

- CISA-ADP CVSS 3.1: 9.8 `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`
- GitHub CVSS 3.1: 9.8 `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`

## Exploitation

- CISA KEV: not listed (no confirmed in-the-wild exploitation known to CISA).
- CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation poc , automatable yes , technical impact total .
- FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 5.73% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 93.

## Sources

- [GitHub Advisory GHSA-4r4r-4jp4-wwf9](https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-4r4r-4jp4-wwf9)
- [CVE.org record CVE-2025-69985](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-69985)
- [NVD entry CVE-2025-69985](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69985)
- [github.com](https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/blob/master/server/api/jwt-helper.js)
- [gist.github.com](https://gist.github.com/lihy10/8cb2dd65ebf1385f12a7e00e25a50d40)

---
Source page: https://erroneo.us/security/cve/CVE-2025-69985/ · Security Digest: https://erroneo.us/security/ · More: https://erroneo.us/llms.txt