CVE-2026-23500: Dolibarr: OS Command Injection (RCE) via MAIN_ODT_AS_PDF configuration

Should you act?

Critical, preconditions apply

Severe if exploited, but exploitation needs conditions that may not apply to you. This signal is computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS data; it is not an editorial verdict.

• Not in CISA KEV, but CISA’s SSVC assessment records a public proof-of-concept, so attack code exists.
• EPSS 0.9%, percentile 60: FIRST’s model estimates a 0.9% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 60% of all scored CVEs (moderate). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
• Needs an account (high (admin)). Exposure depends on who can log in.
• Only applies if your dependency tree includes dolibarr/dolibarr (Composer (PHP)) <= 22.0.4, no fixed version listed. Check your lockfile, including transitive dependencies.

What it is

Dolibarr is an enterprise resource planning (ERP) and customer relationship management (CRM) software package. In versions prior to 23.0.0 , the ODT to PDF conversion process in odf.php concatenates the MAINODTASPDF configuration constant directly into a shell command passed to exec() without sanitization. An authenticated administrator can inject arbitrary OS commands via this constant using command separators, achieving remote code execution as the web server user when any ODT template is generated. This issue has been fixed in version 23.0.0.

From the GitHub advisory

Summary An authenticated administrator can execute arbitrary operating system commands by injecting a malicious payload into the MAINODTASPDF configuration constant. This vulnerability exists because the application fails to properly validate or escape the command path before passing it to the exec() function in the ODT to PDF conversion process.

Details The vulnerability is located in htdocs/includes/odtphp/odf.php. When the system tries to convert an ODT document to PDF (e.g., in Proposals, Invoices), it constructs a shell command using the MAINODTASPDF global setting.

Code snippet (htdocs/includes/odtphp/odf.php, approx line 930):

While the filename $name is sanitized using escapeshellcmd(), the configuration variable MAINODTASPDF is retrieved directly from the database and concatenated at the beginning of the string. An attacker with administrative privileges can set this variable to include a command separator (like ;) followed by arbitrary commands.

PoC Prerequisites: 1. Login as an Administrator. 2. Ensure the "Commercial Proposals" module is enabled and "ODT templates" are activated in its setup.

Weakness type: CWE-78.

Product: dolibarr/dolibarr (Composer (PHP)) · Assigned by: GitHub_M · Published: 2026-04-17

Affected and fixed versions

Severity scores

• Attack vector: network (remotely reachable)
• Attack complexity: low
• Attack requirements: none
• Privileges required: high (admin)
• User interaction: none

CVSS measures how bad a flaw is if exploited, not how likely exploitation is. Read it next to the exploitation data below.

Exploitation and urgency

• CISA KEV: not listed (no confirmed in-the-wild exploitation known to CISA).
• CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation poc, automatable no, technical impact total.
• FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 0.92% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 60.

Timeline

• 2026-04-17 — CVE record published by GitHub_M
• 2026-04-17 — GitHub-reviewed advisory GHSA-w5j3-8fcr-h87w published (critical)
• 2026-04-18 — CVE record last updated

Sources and references

Original sources first. Version and fix details should always be confirmed against the vendor or project advisory.

Vulnerability records

1. GitHub Advisory GHSA-w5j3-8fcr-h87w github.com
2. CVE.org record CVE-2026-23500 cve.org
3. NVD entry CVE-2026-23500 nvd.nist.gov

Other references from the CVE record and advisory

1. github.com github.com
2. github.com github.com

Critical Composer (PHP) advisories · Today’s Security Digest