---
title: "CVE-2026-25141: Orval has Code Injection via unsanitized x-enum-descriptions using JS comments"
url: https://erroneo.us/security/cve/CVE-2026-25141/
description: "CVE-2026-25141 (@orval/core (npm)): Orval generates type-safe JS clients (TypeScript) from any valid OpenAPI v3 or Swagger v2 specification. Versions…"
type: vulnerability-record
section: "Security Digest"
date_published: 2026-01-30
date_modified: 2026-02-02
publisher: erroneo.us
author: erroneo.us Security Desk
cve: "CVE-2026-25141"
kev: false
cvss: 9.3
epss: 0.00695
license: All rights reserved. Quote with attribution and a link.
---

# CVE-2026-25141: Orval has Code Injection via unsanitized x-enum-descriptions using JS comments

**Signal:** Critical and remotely reachable. No known exploitation yet, but it is network-reachable without credentials. (Computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS; not an editorial verdict.)

## Should you act?

- No confirmed exploitation. It is not in CISA’s KEV catalog and CISA’s SSVC assessment records no known exploitation. That can change quickly after a public write-up; re-check if you are affected.
- EPSS 0.7% , percentile 52: FIRST’s model estimates a 0.7% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 52% of all scored CVEs (moderate). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
- Remotely reachable with no login and no user interaction. If the vulnerable service is exposed to the internet, prioritize it.
- Only applies if your dependency tree includes @orval/core (npm) >= 7.19.0, < 7.21.0, fixed in 7.21.0 ; @orval/core (npm) >= 8.0.0, < 8.2.0, fixed in 8.2.0 . Check your lockfile, including transitive dependencies.

## What it is

Orval generates type-safe JS clients (TypeScript) from any valid OpenAPI v3 or Swagger v2 specification. Versions starting with 7.19.0 and prior to 7.21.0 and 8.2.0 have an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-23947. While the jsStringEscape function properly handles single quotes ('), double quotes (") and so on, it is still possible to achieve code injection using only a limited set of characters that are currently not escaped. The vulnerability lies in the fact that the application can be forced to execute arbitrary JavaScript using characters such as []()!+. By using a technique known as JSFuck, an attacker can bypass the current sanitization logic and run arbitrary code without needing any alphanumeric characters or quotes. Version 7.21.0 and 8.2.0 contain an updated fix.

## Affected packages

- npm `@orval/core` >= 7.19.0, < 7.21.0 → fixed: 7.21.0
- npm `@orval/core` >= 8.0.0, < 8.2.0 → fixed: 8.2.0

## Affected products (CVE record)

- orval-labs orval: >= 7.19.0, < 7.21.0, >= 8.0.0, < 8.2.0

## Severity

- GitHub_M CVSS 4.0: 9.3 `CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N`
- GitHub CVSS 4.0: 9.3 `CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N`

## Exploitation

- CISA KEV: not listed (no confirmed in-the-wild exploitation known to CISA).
- CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation none , automatable yes , technical impact total .
- FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 0.69% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 52.

## Sources

- [GitHub Advisory GHSA-gch2-phqh-fg9q](https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-gch2-phqh-fg9q)
- [CVE.org record CVE-2026-25141](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-25141)
- [NVD entry CVE-2026-25141](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25141)
- [github.com](https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/security/advisories/GHSA-gch2-phqh-fg9q)
- [github.com](https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/security/advisories/GHSA-h526-wf6g-67jv)
- [github.com](https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/blob/02211fc413524be340ba9ace866a2ef68845ca7c/packages/core/src/utils/string.ts#L227)
- [github.com](https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/releases/tag/v7.21.0)
- [github.com](https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/releases/tag/v8.2.0)

---
Source page: https://erroneo.us/security/cve/CVE-2026-25141/ · Security Digest: https://erroneo.us/security/ · More: https://erroneo.us/llms.txt