Security Digest · Vulnerability record
CVE-2026-33646: Mise Vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution via Tera Templates in .tool-versions Files (Trust Bypass)
mise manages dev tools like node, python, cmake, and terraform.
CVSS 9.6 Critical EPSS 0.7% · p52
Should you act?
Critical and remotely reachable
No known exploitation yet, but it is network-reachable without credentials. This signal is computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS data; it is not an editorial verdict.
- Not in CISA KEV, but CISA’s SSVC assessment records a public proof-of-concept, so attack code exists.
- EPSS 0.7%, percentile 52: FIRST’s model estimates a 0.7% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 52% of all scored CVEs (moderate). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
- Needs a user to click or open something. Phishing makes that realistic, but it is not wormable.
- Only applies if your dependency tree includes
mise(crates.io (Rust)) < 2026.3.10, fixed in 2026.3.10. Check your lockfile, including transitive dependencies.
What it is
mise manages dev tools like node, python, cmake, and terraform. Prior to 2026.3.10, mise processes .tool-versions files through the Tera template engine during parsing, with the exec() function registered, enabling arbitrary command execution. Unlike .mise.toml files, .tool-versions files are not subject to trust verification in non-paranoid mode. This means an attacker can place a malicious .tool-versions file in a git repository, and when a victim with mise activated cds into the directory, arbitrary commands execute without any trust prompt. This vulnerability is fixed in 2026.3.10.
From the GitHub advisory
Summary
Mise processes .tool-versions files through the Tera template engine during parsing, with the exec() function registered, enabling arbitrary command execution. Unlike .mise.toml files, .tool-versions files are not subject to trust verification in non-paranoid mode. This means an attacker can place a malicious .tool-versions file in a git repository, and when a victim with mise activated cds into the directory, arbitrary commands execute without any trust prompt.
Vulnerability Details
Vulnerable Code
File: src/config/configfile/toolversions.rs, lines 60-63
Weakness type: CWE-94.
Product: mise (crates.io (Rust)) · Assigned by: GitHub_M · Published: 2026-06-26
Affected and fixed versions
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable | First fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| crates.io (Rust) | mise | < 2026.3.10 | 2026.3.10 |
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions (per CVE record) |
|---|---|---|
| jdx | mise | < 2026.3.10 |
Severity scores
| Scored by | CVSS | Score | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| GitHub_M | 3.1 | 9.6 Critical | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H |
| GitHub | 3.1 | 9.6 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H |
- Attack vector: network (remotely reachable)
- Attack complexity: low
- Privileges required: none (no login)
- User interaction: required (a user must click/open something)
- Scope: changed (can affect other components)
CVSS measures how bad a flaw is if exploited, not how likely exploitation is. Read it next to the exploitation data below.
Exploitation and urgency
- CISA KEV: not listed (no confirmed in-the-wild exploitation known to CISA).
- CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation poc, automatable no, technical impact total.
- FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 0.69% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 52.
Timeline
- — GitHub-reviewed advisory GHSA-fjj5-v948-whjj published (critical)
- — CVE record published by GitHub_M
- — CVE record last updated
Sources and references
Original sources first. Version and fix details should always be confirmed against the vendor or project advisory.
Vulnerability records
- GitHub Advisory GHSA-fjj5-v948-whjj github.com
- CVE.org record CVE-2026-33646 cve.org
- NVD entry CVE-2026-33646 nvd.nist.gov
Other references from the CVE record and advisory
- github.com github.com
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