CVE-2026-25510: CI4MS Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution (RCE) via Arbitrary File Creation and Save in File Editor

Should you act?

Critical, preconditions apply

Severe if exploited, but exploitation needs conditions that may not apply to you. This signal is computed from CISA KEV, EPSS and CVSS data; it is not an editorial verdict.

• No confirmed exploitation. It is not in CISA’s KEV catalog and CISA’s SSVC assessment records no known exploitation. That can change quickly after a public write-up; re-check if you are affected.
• EPSS 1.1%, percentile 64: FIRST’s model estimates a 1.1% chance of exploitation activity in the next 30 days, higher than 64% of all scored CVEs (moderate). EPSS is a probability, not a verdict.
• Needs an account (low (any account)). Exposure depends on who can log in.
• Only applies if your dependency tree includes ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms (Composer (PHP)) < 0.28.5.0, fixed in 0.28.5.0. Check your lockfile, including transitive dependencies.

What it is

CI4MS is a CodeIgniter 4-based CMS skeleton that delivers a production-ready, modular architecture with RBAC authorization and theme support. Prior to version 0.28.5.0, an authenticated user with file editor permissions can achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) by leveraging the file creation and save endpoints, an attacker can upload and execute arbitrary PHP code on the server. This issue has been patched in version 0.28.5.0.

From the GitHub advisory

Summary

A critical vulnerability has been identified in CI4MS that allows an authenticated user with file editor permissions to achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE). By leveraging the file creation and save endpoints, an attacker can upload and execute arbitrary PHP code on the server.

Vulnerability Details

The vulnerability exists in the /backend/fileeditor/createFile and /backend/fileeditor/save API endpoints.

Unrestricted File Creation: The createFile endpoint allows users to create files with any extension (including .php) in web-accessible directories such as /public.

Weakness type: CWE-434, CWE-94.

Product: ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms (Composer (PHP)) · Assigned by: GitHub_M · Published: 2026-02-03

Affected and fixed versions

Severity scores

• Attack vector: network (remotely reachable)
• Attack complexity: low
• Privileges required: low (any account)
• User interaction: none
• Scope: changed (can affect other components)

CVSS measures how bad a flaw is if exploited, not how likely exploitation is. Read it next to the exploitation data below.

Exploitation and urgency

• CISA KEV: not listed (no confirmed in-the-wild exploitation known to CISA).
• CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation none, automatable no, technical impact total.
• FIRST EPSS (model of 2026-10-21): 1.05% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; percentile 64.

Timeline

• 2026-02-02 — GitHub-reviewed advisory GHSA-gp56-f67f-m4px published (critical)
• 2026-02-03 — CVE record published by GitHub_M
• 2026-02-04 — CVE record last updated

Sources and references

Original sources first. Version and fix details should always be confirmed against the vendor or project advisory.

Vulnerability records

1. GitHub Advisory GHSA-gp56-f67f-m4px github.com
2. CVE.org record CVE-2026-25510 cve.org
3. NVD entry CVE-2026-25510 nvd.nist.gov

Other references from the CVE record and advisory

1. github.com github.com
2. github.com github.com

Critical Composer (PHP) advisories · Today’s Security Digest